Prospective marine biologists, physicists and ocean engineers are typically required to hold degrees at the graduate level. Students who enroll in a Master of Science in Oceanography program learn about the science behind the ocean and marine environments, including their biological, chemical and geological elements. Courses may focus on topics such as ocean wave theories. Graduates of the master's program who wish to continue their education at the doctoral level and pursue careers in research or education can typically customize their curriculum with approval from their school's department.